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Pectoralis (Chest) Muscle Facts

The pectoralis muscles, commonly known as "pecs," are large muscles located on the chest. Here are some key facts about them:

  1. Anatomy: There are two pectoralis muscles on each side of the chest:

    • Pectoralis major: The larger, more superficial muscle
    • Pectoralis minor: A smaller, deeper muscle beneath the pectoralis major

  2. Function: The pectoralis major primarily performs:

    • Adduction of the arm (bringing arm toward midline)
    • Internal rotation of the shoulder
    • Flexion of the shoulder joint (raising arm forward)

  3. The pectoralis minor helps with:

    • Stabilizing the scapula
    • Depression of the shoulder
    • Assists with breathing when the shoulders are fixed

  4. Development: Pecs respond well to resistance training, particularly exercises like:

    • Bench press (flat, incline, decline)
    • Push-ups
    • Chest flyes
    • Cable crossovers

  5. Composition: The pectoralis major has two main parts:

    • Clavicular head (upper portion)
    • Sternal head (lower portion)

  6. Injuries: Common pec injuries include:

    • Pec strain or tear (particularly during heavy lifting)
    • Pectoralis major rupture (rare but serious injury)

  7. The pectoralis major attaches to the humerus (upper arm bone), sternum, clavicle, and ribs

  8. Well-developed pectoralis muscles contribute significantly to upper body strength and athletic performance


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